Ch. Koliaki, N. Katsilambros
DESCRIPTION:
There is no doubt that obesity constitutes a well-established predisposing factor for cardiometabolic abnormalities, malignancies and degenerative diseases. It is therefore of utmost importance to minimize the deleterious consequences of the current obesity epidemic for the primary prevention of these diseases. However, when it comes to secondary prevention, there is emerging evidence from observational cohort studies that overweight and moderately obese patients, suffering from already established chronic severe diseases, display a paradoxically better short- and long-term outcome, compared to their underweight and/or normal-weight counterparts. These intriguing clinical observations have formed the so-called “obesity paradox hypothesis”, which has been typically described in patients with congestive heart failure, end-stage renal disease requiring maintenance dialysis, coronary artery disease, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous/surgical revascularization, peripheral vascular disease, as well as in the elderly and those undergoing major non-bariatric surgery. The present review summarizes the most representative clinical data that substantiate obesity paradox in specific patient subpopulations, analyzes possible underlying mechanisms that could partly explain the observed survival benefit conferred by obesity, and discusses potential biases and confounding factors that should be definitely taken into serious consideration, before final conclusions regarding the clinical implications of this paradoxical and yet unresolved relationship can be safely drawn.
INFORMATION:
Periodicity: Iatriki 2010, 98(2):99—108
Origin Center: “Eugenidion” Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Keywords: Obesity paradox hypothesis, primary prevention of diseases, secondary prevention of diseases, congestive heart failure, end-stage renal disease, coronary artery disease, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, survival benefit, confounding factors
Corresponding Author: C. Koliaki, 38 Gavriilidou street, GR-111 41 Athens, Greece • e-mail: ckoliaki@yahoo.com